-Some ventricles (fluid-filled spaces in brain) are larger in schizophrenics than in normals, producing abnormalities in cerebral cortex, theory that certain mental disorders (such as schizophrenia) develop when people with a genetic or acquired vulnerability are exposed to high levels of stress, try to help clients view psychological problems as learned behaviors that can be changed, If past learning experiences can produce problems, method for reducing intense anxiety in which the client visualizes a graduated series of anxiety provoking stimuli while maintaining a state of relaxation, immediately exposing a fearful client to the most distressing item on the desensitization hierarchy, the client watches others perform the desired behavior, setting up rules that specify the behaviors to be strengthened through reinforcement, systems of reinforcing desirable behaviors with tokens that are later exchanged for desired rewards, learning to associate physical or psychological discomfort with behavior, thoughts, or situations the client wishes to stop, helping clients change the way they think as well as how they behave, 6 major categories of drugs used to treat mood and anxiety disorders, monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs), benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and lithium, (SSRIs)- drugs prescribed primarily for depression and some anxiety disorders that work by making more serotonin available in the synapse, a class of anxiety reducing drugs that can be addictive, but are less dangerous than barbiturates which carry a risk of overdose, a salt that is prescribed for its ability to stabilize the mania associated with bipolar disorder, Phenothiazines, Tardive dyskinesia, Traditional antipsychotics, Atypical antipsychotics, drugs used to treat schizophrenia; help diminish hallucinations, confusion, agitation, and paranoia but also have adverse side effects, repetitive, involuntary movements of jaw, tongue, face, and mouth and body tremors resulting from the extended use of traditional anti-depressant drugs, historically, the first medications used to manage psychotic symptoms, newer antipsychotic drugs, which do not create tardive dyskinesia, Electroconvulsive therapy, Deep brain stimulation, ECT)- treatment of last resort for severe depression that involves passing an electrical current through a person's brain in order to induce a seizure, Helen Mayberg studies area 25 in brain, connected with thinking areas of prefrontal cortex and limbic structures involved in emotion- overactive area 25 could lead to negative thinking and depression Todd confesses that he is afraid of contracting a disease from his cleaning duties and feels compelled to disinfect his hands after each cleaning for a minimum of 15 minutes and up to 30 times per day. B) Distress, deviance, and danger E. antisocial personality disorder, Which of the following people can be described as having features of obsessive-compulsive disorder? E. the result of interruptions of ones sense of self-actualization, According to Freud, psychological symptoms: PY 201 Chapter 13 Flashcards | Quizlet d. a briefer and less frequent therapy format B. D. I didnt get the grade I wanted in that class; Im so stupid Which of the following disorders is Sonya most likely affected by? 3. d. excessive stimulation and constant excitement b. spoiling and excessive indulgence B. Compulsive d. to identify and change the irrational thought patterns that have led to his anxiety Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies ruminative coping? A. Owner, Capital They do not want to go to school. - He believes that others are persecuting him. People who had inherited two short forms of the serotonin gene were more likely to exhibit depressive symptoms following stressful life events than were those who had inherited the long form.
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