Rethinking the Twentieth-Century History of Mumbai The first War of Independence The next step was the completion of the Sion Causeway in [100] In May 1804, Bombay was hit by a severe famine, which led to a large-scale emigration. Soon after its detachment, the peninsular region of the Indian plate drifted over the Runion hotspot, a volcanic hotspot in the Earth's lithosphere near the island of Runion. Jafar emerged victorious in the battle fought with Ahmad Shah I Wali. Most often, the mill workers were men whose families stayed back in important part of the city's industry. Castella de Aguada (Fort of the Waterpoint) was built by the Portuguese at Bandra in 1640 as a watchtower overlooking the Mahim Bay, the Arabian Sea and the southern island of Mahim. [11] The Kalachuris of Central India ruled the islands during the fifth century,[15] which were then acquired by the Mauryas of Konkan in the sixth and early part of the seventh century. In 1431, Mahim was recaptured by the Sultanate of Gujarat. in the Company militia revolted. [66] A customs house was also built. Mumbai ca. The American Civil War (186165) and the resulting cutoff of cotton supplies to Britain caused a great trade boom in Bombay. [155] Bombay was affected by the Great Depression of 1929, which saw a stagnation of mill industry and economy from 1933 to 1939. War of Independence, in 1857, makes a convenient watershed between these of the war, it was over. [57] The first English merchants arrived in Bombay in November 1583, and travelled through Bassein, Thane, and Chaul. [111] The first-ever Indian railway line began operations between Bombay and neighbouring Thane over a distance of 21 miles on 16 April 1853. [198] In 2008, the city experienced xenophobic attacks by the activists of the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena (MNS) under Raj Thackeray on the North Indian migrants in Mumbai. In response to those problems, the City Improvement Trust was established to open new localities for settlement and to erect dwellings for the artisan classes. Further tectonic activity in the region led to the formation of hilly islands separated by a shallow sea. 5 See also. The purpose of this project was to block the Worli creek and prevent the low-lying areas of Bombay from being flooded at high tide. [179] The Jawaharlal Nehru Port was commissioned on 26 May 1989 at Nhava Sheva with a view to de-congest Bombay Harbour and to serve as a hub port for the city. [173], Nehru Centre was established in 1972 at Worli in Bombay. In the 70s, nearly 60 per cent of all elected representatives in the Assembly seats of Mumbai were non-Marathi speakers. gained paramount importance in the world cotton trade. [81] By 26 December 1715, Charles Boone assumed the Governorship of Bombay. [120] Tramway communication was instituted in 1873. Almost everyone in the world lived in extreme poverty, we had very little medical knowledge, and in all countries our ancestors had . other things, set out the possibility of demolition of encroachments. was called a wadi. In growing cities in the 19th century, the public health movement and sanitary reform put protecting people from other people's shit at the heart of urban governance.
